Histocompatibility testing

The histocompatibility tests provide for the molecular analysis of the genes involved in biological histocompatibility processes. These tests allow to identify, in the donors/recipients of blood, the platelet antigen HLA to verify transfusion compatibility and can also be used for the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases (HLA typing).
The antigenic system of human leukocytes (Human Leukocyte Antigen, HLA) is an important part of the immune system and is coded by the genes that are located on chromosome 6. The molecules of the largest complex of class I and II histocompatibility are the most immunogenic antigens involved during the rejection of an allogeneic transplant. This test is among the most important for the correspondence between donor and receiving.

Some autoimmune pathologies are linked to specific HLA alleles, for example, multiple sclerosis, narcolepsy, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 mellitus diabetes.